BIPERIDEN

BIPERIDEN

BRAND NAME:- DYSKINON 2mg tab., 5mg/ml inj.

BIPERIDEN is an antiparkinsonian drug &  muscarinic receptor antagonist used to treat parkinsonism and control extrapyramidal side effects of neuroleptic drugs. 

PHARMACODYNAMIC:-

Biperiden has an atropine-like blocking effect on all peripheral structures which are parasympathetic-innervated (e.g. cardiovascular and visceral organs). It also has a prominent central blocking effect on M1 receptors. Biperiden does also act as FIASMA (functional inhibitor of acid sphingomyelinase. 

Biperiden is a weak peripheral anticholinergic agent. It has, therefore, some antisecretory, antispasmodic and mydriatic effects. In addition, biperiden possesses nicotinolytic activity. The parenteral form of biperiden is an effective and reliable agent for the treatment of acute episodes of extrapyramidal disturbances sometimes seen during treatment with neuroleptic agents. Akathisia, akinesia, dyskinetic tremors, rigor, oculogyric crisis, spasmodic torticollis, and profuse sweating are markedly reduced or eliminated. With parenteral biperiden, these drug-induced disturbances are rapidly brought under control. 

MECHANISM OF ACTION:-

Biperiden (bye per' i den) is an anticholinergic agent that blocks the central cholinergic receptors, helping to balance cholinergic transmission in the basal ganglia. Biperiden may also block dopamine reuptake and storage in central sites thus increasing dopaminergic activity .Parkinsonism is thought to result from an imbalance between the excitatory (cholinergic) and inhibitory (dopaminergic) systems in the corpus striatum. The mechanism of action of centrally active anticholinergic drugs such as biperiden is considered to relate to competitive antagonism of acetylcholine at cholinergic receptors in the corpus striatum, which then restores the balance. 

USED:-

It has been used in the treatment of arteriosclerotic, idiopathic, and postencephalitic parkinsonism. It has also been used to alleviate extrapyramidal symptoms induced by phenothiazine derivatives and reserpine. 

SIDE EFFECTS:-

BIPERIDEN may cause serious side effects including:

Anxiety,chest pain or discomfort,chills,cold sweats,confusion,decrease in urine and frequency,unusual tiredness,false or unusual sense of wellbeing,hyperventilation,irregular heartbeats,involuntary movements,irritability,mood changes or etc.

DOSE :- 2-10mg/day; oral ,i.m or i.v.