APRACLONIDINE
BRAND NAME:- ALFADROPS DS 1% eyedrops
APRACLONIDINE also known as iopidine , It is an alpha2-adrenergic agonist. An alpha adrenergic agonist used to treat raised intraocular pressure.
PHARMACODYNAMIC:-
Apraclonidine is a sympathomimetic. It works by decreasing the production of aqueous humour (fluid in the eye), thereby lowering the increased eye pressure.
Apraclonidine significantly lowers intraocular pressure with minimal effects on cardiovascular and pulmonary parameters. It lowers intraocular pressure by reducing aqueous humor production and increasing uveoscleral outflow.
MECHANISM OF ACTION:-
It is a polar clonidine congener which does not cross blood - brain barrier,but applied topically (0.5-1%) it lowers i.o.t. by - 25% . It decreases aqueous production by primary alpha2 and subsidiary alpha1 action in the ciliary body.
Apraclonidine is a relatively selective alpha2 adrenergic receptor agonist that stimulates alpha1 receptors to a lesser extent. It has a peak ocular hypotensive effect occurring at two hours post-dosing. The exact mechanism of action is unknown, but fluorophotometric studies in animals and humans suggest that Apraclonidine has a dual mechanism of action by reducing aqueous humor production through the constriction of afferent ciliary process vessels, and increasing uveoscleral outflow.
USED:-
• It is used restricted to short term control of spikes of i.o.t. after laser trabeculoplasty or iridotomy.
• Treat serious high pressure inside the eye (glaucoma) for short time.
• Decreasing high pressure inside the eye may help to prevent decreased vision or blindness.
DOSE:-usually 3 times daily or as directed by your doctor.
SIDE EFFECTS:- Itching, lid dermatitis , follicular conjunctivitis,mydriasis,eyelid retraction, dryness of mouth and nose etc.
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