Dalteparin
Brand name:- Fragmin 2500, 5000 IU prefilled syringes.
Dalfopristin is a combination of two antibiotics (Dalfopristin and quinupristin) used to treat infections by staphylococci and by vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium. It is not effective against Enterococcus faecalis infections. Dalfopristin inhibits the early phase of protein synthesis in the bacterial ribosome and quinupristin inhibits the late phase of protein synthesis.
Pharmacodynamic:-
Dalteparin has an antithrombin binding site that is essential for high affinity binding to the plasma protein antithrombin (ATIII). Anti-Xa activity of plasma is used as both as an estimate of clotting activity, and as a basis to determine dosage. Its use should be avoided in patients with a creatinine clearance less than 20ml/min. In these patients, unfractionated heparin should only be used. As for monitoring, active partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) will only increase at high doses of low molecular weight heparins (LMWH). Therefore, monitoring aPTT is not recommended. However, anti-Xa activity can be measured to monitor the efficacy of the LMWH.
Mechanism of action:-
Dalteparin Injection is an anticoagulant medication belonging to the class of low molecular weight heparins. Dalteparin binds to the antithrombin to form a complex. Antithrombin is a protein that blocks the formation of abnormal blood clots. Dalteparin inhibits the clotting factors factor Xa and thrombin, eventually preventing clot formation.
Used:-
Used to prevent acute coronary syndrome, deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism. It prevents the formation of blood clots in the legs, lungs, brain or heart.
Side effects:-
Bruise, Increased liver enzymes, Injection site hematoma, Hemorrhagic complications, Injection site bruising, Nosebleeds.
Dose :- 2500 IU OD for prophylaxis; 100U/kg 12 hourly or 200U/kg 24 hourly for treatment of deep vein thrombosis.
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