Carboplatin Uses, Side Effects, and More

 Carboplatin

Brand name:-  Oncocarbin 150mg inj. ,  Kemocarb150,450 mg/Vail inj. 400mg/m² .

 Carboplatin is an anti-cancer medication . It is a less reactive second generation platinum compound that is better tolerated and has a toxicity profile different from Cisplatin.It works by damaging the genetic material (DNA and RNA) of the cancer cells which stops their growth and multiplication.

Pharmacodynamic:- 

Carboplatin is an organoplatinum antineoplastic alkylating agent used in the treatment of advanced ovarian carcinoma. Carboplatin has a long duration of action as it is given every  weeks, and a narrow therapeutic index. Patients should be counselled regarding bone marrow suppression and anemia.

Pharmacokinetics:-

After a 1 hour infusion of carboplatin, the blood levels of total platinum and free platinum reduce in a biphasic manner. For the free platinum, the first phase of the half life (when the drug achieves half its plasma concentration) is around 90 minutes. In the later phase, the half life is around 6 hours. All free platinum is in the form of carboplatin for the first four hours.

Once administered, the drug binds to plasma proteins. Protein binding is less than with cisplatin. Initially, protein binding is low, with around 29% of the carboplatin bound in the first 4 hours. However, within 24 hours, 85-89% of the platinum in the drug is bound irreversibly to the plasma proteins and is gradually eliminated with a minimum half life of five days.

Carboplatin is excreted via the kidneys. Most of the excretion occurs within the first 6 hours after the drug is administered and around 50% to 60% is excreted within 24 hours. Of all the medication administered, 32% is excreted unchanged in urine.

Mechanism of action:- 

Carboplatin undergoes activation inside cells and forms reactive platinum complexes that cause the intra- and inter-strand cross-linkage of DNA molecules within the cell. This modifies the DNA structure and inhibits DNA synthesis. This may affect a cell in all the phases of its cycle.

used:- 

Carboplatin is used alone or in combination with other medications to treat cancer of the ovaries (cancer that begins in the female reproductive organs where eggs are formed) that has spread to other parts of the body, not improved, or that has worsened after treatment with other medications or radiation therapy.

sides effects:- 

Nausea, Vomiting, Anemia (low number of red blood cells), Low blood platelets, Increased liver enzymes, Decreased white blood cell count (neutrophils), Peripheral neuropathy (tingling and numbness of feet and hand), Diarrhea, Weakness, Hair loss, Taste change, Constipation, Decreased white blood cell count (lymphocytes), Infection, Bleeding, Transfusions, Pain, Sensory disturbance, Central nervous system problems, Visual disturbance, Ototoxicity, Decreased creatinine clearance, Increased creatinine level in blood, Increased blood urea, Increased alkaline phosphatase level in blood, Increased aspartate aminotransferase, Electrolyte imbalance, Hypersensitivity, Skin disorder, Urogenital disorders.

Dose:- 

As directed by your doctor.