Cholera vaccine
Brand name:- Dukoral,ShanChol .
Cholera Vaccine (Inactivated) is an inactivated vaccine (made from a dead bacteria). It helps develop immunity by forming antibodies, which are proteins that protect against infection caused by cholera bacteria.
Pharmacodynamic:-
It is a suspension of phenol/formation killed inaba and ogawa strains of V. Cholera,each ml containing 8× 10⁹ organisms in 5,10,30 ml vials.
Immunity, sufficient to prevent clinical disease, is produced only in 50% of those innoculated , and lasts 6 months or so —sufficient to tide over an epidemic. Cholera innoculation during congregation (melas) has not reduced the incidence of the disease ( because it takes 2-3 weeks for immunity to develop): this practice has been discontinued. It also does not prevent carrier state. Transient local soreness,low grade fever,ashes and pains lasting 1-2days are common. Neurological complication are rare.
mechanics of action:-
It' s contains a live attenuated cholera bacterium that replicates in the gastrointestinal tract of the recipient. The exact mechanism of immunity has not been established; however, it is hypothesized that exposure to V. cholerae causes an elevation in baseline vibriocidal antibody titers (antibodies against V. cholerae), which results in immunity.
used:-
Cholera Vaccine (Inactivated) is used to prevent Cholera.
side effects:-
oral vaccine are generally safe.Mild abdominal pain or diarrhea may occur.They are safe in pregnancy and in those with poor immune function.
Dose:-
0.5 ml s.c. or i.m. followed by 1ml 1-4 weeks later, or a single dose of 1 ml for mass innoculation .
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