Chlorpheniramine Uses, Side Effects, and More

 Chlorpheniramine

Brand name:- Piriton,cadistin 4mg tab.

Chlorpheniramine Maleate is an antiallergic medication. When your body is exposed to an allergen (pollen, animal dander, house dust etc.), it produces a chemical called histamine. This causes watery eyes, runny or blocked nose, sneezing, skin rashes, itching etc. Chlorpheniramine Maleate works by blocking the action of histamine, thereby relieving these symptoms.

Pharmacodynamic:- 

In allergic reactions an allergen interacts with and cross-links surface IgE antibodies on mast cells and basophils. Once the mast cell-antibody-antigen complex is formed, a complex series of events occurs that eventually leads to cell-degranulation and the release of histamine (and other chemical mediators) from the mast cell or basophil. Once released, histamine can react with local or widespread tissues through histamine receptors. Histamine, acting on H1-receptors, produces pruritis, vasodilatation, hypotension, flushing, headache, tachycardia, and bronchoconstriction. Histamine also increases vascular permeability and potentiates pain. Chlorpheniramine, is a histamine H1 antagonist (or more correctly, an inverse histamine agonist) of the alkylamine class. It competes with histamine for the normal H1-receptor sites on effector cells of the gastrointestinal tract, blood vessels and respiratory tract. It provides effective, temporary relief of sneezing, watery and itchy eyes, and runny nose due to hay fever and other upper respiratory allergies.

Mechanics of action:-  

Chlorpheniramine binds to the histamine H1 receptor. This blocks the action of endogenous histamine, which subsequently leads to temporary relief of the negative symptoms brought on by histamine.

TARGET	ACTIONS	ORGANISM
AHistamine H1 receptor	antagonist	Humans
USodium-dependent serotonin transporter	inhibitor	Humans
USodium-dependent noradrenaline transporter	inhibitor	Humans
USodium-dependent dopamine transporter	inhibitor	Humans

used:- 

used in the treatment of allergic conditions.

side effects:- 

Dryness in mouth, Sleepiness, Nausea, Headache, Sedation, Difficulty in paying attention, Impaired coordination, Dizziness, Blurred vision, Fatigue

Dose :- 2-4mg ( 0.1mg/kg) oral, I.m.