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BENZOYL PEROXIDE Uses, Side Effects, and More

 BENZOYL PEROXIDE


BRAND NAME:- PERSOL ,PERNOX ,BENZAC-AC 2.5% and 5% gel ; in persol forte 10% cream with sulfur ppt. 5%.



Benzoyl peroxide is an affordable medication that works well to clear up acne. It's available over-the-counter and comes in many different forms, but it's not a good option for people with sensitive skin. 

PHARMACODYNAMIC:- 

Benzoyl peroxide is a topical treatment for acne that generates free radicals to break down comedones and increase the rate of epithelial cell turnover.It has a short duration of action as its active free radical metabolites quickly react to form inactive metabolites.1 The therapeutic index is wide, as overdoses are rare, however patients may still experience skin peeling. Patients should be counselled regarding increased risks of skin irritation, dryness, and sunburn. 

MECHANISM OF ACTION:-

Acne vulgaris is caused by inflammation in the pilosebaceous gland.Acne is generally caused by increased excretion of sebum from pilosebaceous glands, endocrine factors such as androgenic hormones, keratin developing around follicles, bacterial growth, and inflammation.These factors contribute to the formation of comedones (whiteheads and blackheads).

The peroxide bond of benzoyl peroxide is cleaved to form to benzoyloxy radicals. These radicals interact nonspecifically with bacterial proteins, interfering with their function, and survival of the bacteria. Over time, free radical interactions with bacterial proteins lead to decreased keratin and sebum around follicles.

Benzoyl peroxide can also increase the turnover rate of epithelial cells, leading to skin peeling, and breaking down comedones.

USES:- 

Used to treat mild to moderate acne. When used to treat acne, benzoyl peroxide works by reducing the amount of acne-causing bacteria and by causing the skin to dry and peel. Some brands are used to treat a certain skin condition called rosacea. Benzoyl peroxide may help to decrease symptoms caused by rosacea, such as pimples and bumps on the face. 


SIDE EFFECTS:- 

 Excessive dryness of skin , marked scalling , erythema, edema and contact sensitization ( in 1-2% patients). 


DOSE:- 

Apply affected areas of skin guided by the degree of irritation produced and tolerated.;strat with 15min. Once daily.
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