Skip to main content

Know details about ARTEMISININ drug ?

 ARTEMISININ 

BRAND NAME:- no specific brand available.

ARTEMISININ is the active principal of the plant artemisia annua used in Chinese traditional medicine as ' Quinghaosu '  . It is a sesquiterpine lactones endoperoxide active against P. Falciparum resistant to all other antimalarial drugs as well as sensitive strains and other malarial species.


MECHANISM OF ACTION:- 

Of artemisinin is not definitely known. The endoperoxide brige in its molecules appears to interact with haeme in the parasite. Ferrous iron- mediated clevage of the brige release a highly reactive free radicals species that binds to membrane proteins, causes lipid peroxidation , damages endoplasmic reticulum ,and ultimately result in lysis of the parasite. Another line of evidence has shown that the artemisinin free radicals specifically inhibits a plasmodial sarcoplasma - endoplasmic calcium ATPase labelled 'PF ATP6'.


Pharmacodynamic:- 

🚫 Not available.


Pharmacokinetics:-

poor pharmacokinetic properties and high cost of the drugs are major drawbacks of their use.


USE:- 

Treatment of malaria .

WHO recommends three days of oral treatment with any of five artemisinin-based combination therapies (ACTs): artemether/lumefantrine, artesunate/amodiaquine (ASAQ), artesunate/mefloquine, dihydroartemisinin/piperaquine, or artesunate/sulfadoxine/pyrimethamine. In each of these combinations, the artemisinin derivative rapidly kills the parasites, but is itself rapidly cleared from the body.The longer-lived partner drug kills the remaining parasites and provides some lingering protection from reinfection. 

SIDE EFFECTS:-

Nausea, vomiting, loss of appetite, and dizziness. Mild blood abnormalities have also been noted.


DOSE:- Direction by physician.



Comments

Popular posts from this blog

Chlorthalidone Uses, Side Effects, and More....

 Chlorthalidone  Brand name:- Hythalton 50,100mg , Hydrazide, Thalizide ( 12.5, 25) . Chlorthalidone is a diuretic which lowers blood pressure by removing extra water and certain electrolytes from the body. Over time it also relaxes blood vessels and improves blood flow. Pharmacodynamic:- Not 🚫 available.  Pharmacokinetics:- Chlortalidone is slowly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract after oral ingestion. It has a long half-life and therefore a prolonged diuretic action, which results in continued diuretic effects despite a skipped dose. This prolonged action of chlortalidone despite missing doses may account for the higher efficacy of chlortalidone compared to the shorter half-life medication, hydrochlorothiazide. Chlortalidone is eliminated from the body mostly by the kidney, as unchanged drug. Thus, in persons with diminished kidney function, the clearance of chlortalidone is reduced and the elimination half-life is increased. As with other thiazide diuretics, ch...

Chlordiazepoxide Uses, Side Effects, and More

 Chlordiazepoxide Brand name:- Librium 10, 25 mg tabs; Equilibrium 10mg tab. Chlordiazepoxide is a benzodiazepine. It works by increasing the action of a chemical messenger (GABA) which suppresses the abnormal and excessive activity of the nerve cells in the brain. Pharmacodynamic:-  Chlordiazepoxide has antianxiety, sedative, appetite-stimulating and weak analgesic actions. The drug seems to block EEG arousal from stimulation in the brain stem reticular formation. The drug has been studied extensively in many species of animals and these studies are suggestive of action on the limbic system of the brain, which recent evidence indicates is involved in emotional responses. Hostile monkeys were made tame by oral drug doses which did not cause sedation. Chlordiazepoxide revealed a "taming" action with the elimination of fear and aggression. The taming effect of chlordiazepoxide was further demonstrated in rats made vicious by lesions in the septal area of the brain. The drug dos...

Know details about Dabigatran etexilate drug ?

 Dabigatran Etexilate