Skip to main content

APOMORPHINE

 APOMORPHINE


BRAND NAME:-Zyprima 2-3mg ,SL tablet etc.



APOMORPHINE is a semisynthetic derivative of morphine; acts as a dopaminergic agonist on the CTZ . Used to treat hypomobile "off" episodes of advanced Parkinson's disease. 



PHARMACODYNAMIC:- 

It is a semisynthetic derivative of morphine; acts as a dopaminergic agonist on the CTZ. Injection i.m./s.c in a dose of 6 mg ,it promptly (within 5 min) induced vomiting. It should not be used if resipration is depressant actions. Oral use of APOMORPHINE is not recommended because the emetic dose is larger ,slow to act and rather inconsistent in action.

Apomorphine has a therapeutic effects in Parkinosonism,but is not used to side effects.


MECHANISM of ACTION:-

Apomorphine is a non-ergoline dopamine agonist with high binding affinity to dopamine D2, D3, and D5 receptors. Stimulation of D2 receptors in the caudate-putamen, a region of the brain responsible for locomotor control, may be responsible for apomorphine's action. However, the means by which the cellular effects of apomorphine treat hypomobility of Parkinson's remain unknown. 


USED:-

used to treat ''off'' episodes (times of difficulty moving, walking, and speaking that may happen as medication wears off or at random) in people with advanced Parkinson's disease (PD; a disorder of the nervous system that causes difficulties with movement, muscle control, and balance.

It works by acting in place of dopamine, a natural substance produced in the brain that is needed to control movement. 


Other use these are drug used to evoke vomiting .


SIDE EFFECTS:- 

Redness/swelling/pain/itching at the injection site, nausea, vomiting, headache, sweating, dizziness, drowsiness, yawning, or runny nose may occur. If any of these effects persist or worsen, tell your doctor or pharmacist promptly. 


DOSE:- DIRECT BY PHYSICIAN & HEALTH STAFF.

Labels:

Comments

Post a Comment

Popular posts from this blog

BENDROFLUMETHIAZIDE Uses, Side Effects, and More

 BENDROFLUMETHIAZIDE Brand name:- Bendrofulazide, Aprinox. BENDROFLUMETHIAZIDE is a type of medicine called a diuretic. It's used to treat high blood pressure (hypertension) and the build-up of fluid in your body (oedema). Diuretics are sometimes called "water tablets" because they make you pee more. This helps get rid of extra fluid in your body. Bendroflumethiazide is only available on prescription. It usually comes as tablets. It can also come as a liquid you swallow, but this has to be specially ordered.  PHARMACODYNAMIC:-  Bendroflumethiazide, a thiazide diuretic, removes excess water from the body by increasing how often you urinate (pass water) and also widens the blood vessels which helps to reduce blood pressure. It inhibits Na+/Cl- reabsorption from the distal convoluted tubules in the kidneys. Thiazides also cause loss of potassium and an increase in serum uric acid. Thiazides are often used to treat hypertension, but their hypotensive effects are not necessari...
Post a Comment
Read more

CLOMIPHENE CITRATE Uses, Side Effects, and More

 CLOMIPHENE CITRATE BRAND NAME:- CLOMIPHENE, FERTOMED, CLOFERT, CLOME 25,50,100mg tab.  Clomiphene is a selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM) which treats female infertility. It works by promoting the release of reproductive hormones. This helps stimulate the release of eggs from the ovary (ovulation). PHARMACODYANIMCS:- Clomifene (previously clomiphene) is an orally administered, non steroidal, ovulatory stimulant that acts as a selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM). Clomifene can lead to multiple ovulation, and hence increase the risk of conceiving twins. In comparison to purified FSH, the rate of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome is low. There may be an increased risk of ovarian cancer and weight gain. Clomifene is capable of interacting with estrogen-receptor-containing tissues, including the hypothalamus, pituitary, ovary, endometrium, vagina, and cervix. It may compete with estrogen for estrogen-receptor-binding sites and may delay replenishment of intracel...
Post a Comment
Read more

Carbidopa Uses, Side Effects, and More

 Carbidopa Brand name:- lodosyn.  Carbidopa is always given with levodopa. It works by preventing levodopa from being broken down before it reaches the brain. This allows for a lower dose of levodopa, which causes less nausea and vomiting. Pharmacodynamic:-  When mixed with levodopa, carbidopa inhibits the peripheral conversion of levodopa to dopamine and the decarboxylation of oxitriptan to serotonin by aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase. This results in an increased amount of levodopa and oxitriptan available for transport to the central nervous system. Carbidopa also inhibits the metabolism of levodopa in the GI tract, thus, increasing the bioavailability of levodopa. The presence of additional units of circulating levodopa can increase the effectiveness of the still functional dopaminergic neurons and it has been shown to alleviate symptoms for a time. The action of carbidopa is very important as levodopa is able to cross the blood-brain barrier while dopamine cannot...
Post a Comment
Read more