Skip to main content

ANTHRAQUINONES

 ANTHRAQUINONES


BRAND NAME:- GLAXENNA 11.5 mg tab; PURSENNID 18mg tab; SOFSENA 12mg tab.



ANTHRAQUINONES (also known as anthraquinonoids) are a class of naturally occurring phenolic compounds based on the 9,10-anthraquinone skeleton, are the plant products Used in household/ traditional medicine for centuries.


PHARMACODYNAMIC & FUNCTION:-

senna is obtained from leaves and pods of certain cassia sp., While Cascara sagrada is the powdered bark of the buck - thorn tree. These and a number of other plant purgatives contain ANTHRAQUINONES glycosides, also called emodins. Senna is most popularly used. The glycosides are not active as such . Unabsorbed in the small intestine,they passed to the colon where bacteria liberate the active anthrol from ,which either acts locally or is absorbed into circulation excerted in bile to act on small intestine. Thus they take 6-8 hours produce action . Taken by lactating mothers,the amount secreted in milk is sufficient to cause purgation in the suckling infant.


MECHANISM OF ACTION:-

The purgative action and uses of ANTHRAQUINONES are quite similar to those of diphenylmethanes . Taken at bed time - a single dose,soft but formed evacuation generally occurs in the morning. Cramps and excessive purging of these drugs acts on the myenteric plexus to increase peristalsis and decrease segmentation. They also promote secertion and inhibits salt and water absorption in the colon. Senna anthraquinones has been found to stimulate PGE2 production in rat intestine. This is prevented by indomethacin and the purgative action is reduced.



USE:- as a laxative, antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory agents ,Current therapeutic indications include constipation, arthritis, multiple sclerosis, and cancer.


SIDE EFFECTS:- skin redness, rashes, fixed drug eruption are the occasional adverse effects. Regular use for 4-12 months causes colonic atony and mucosal pigmentation ( melanosis). 


DOSE:- DIRECT BY PHYSICIAN 

Comments

Popular posts from this blog

Know details about Dabigatran etexilate drug ?

 Dabigatran Etexilate 

Chlorthalidone Uses, Side Effects, and More....

 Chlorthalidone  Brand name:- Hythalton 50,100mg , Hydrazide, Thalizide ( 12.5, 25) . Chlorthalidone is a diuretic which lowers blood pressure by removing extra water and certain electrolytes from the body. Over time it also relaxes blood vessels and improves blood flow. Pharmacodynamic:- Not 🚫 available.  Pharmacokinetics:- Chlortalidone is slowly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract after oral ingestion. It has a long half-life and therefore a prolonged diuretic action, which results in continued diuretic effects despite a skipped dose. This prolonged action of chlortalidone despite missing doses may account for the higher efficacy of chlortalidone compared to the shorter half-life medication, hydrochlorothiazide. Chlortalidone is eliminated from the body mostly by the kidney, as unchanged drug. Thus, in persons with diminished kidney function, the clearance of chlortalidone is reduced and the elimination half-life is increased. As with other thiazide diuretics, ch...

Captopril Uses, Side Effects, and More

 Captopril Brand name:- Angiopril 25mg tab, Aceten, Captopril 12.5, 25mg tab. Captopril is an angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor. It works by reducing stress on the heart and relaxing blood vessel so that blood flows more smoothly and the heart can pump blood more efficiently. Pharmacodynamic:-  Captopril, an ACE inhibitor, antagonizes the effect of the RAAS. The RAAS is a homeostatic mechanism for regulating hemodynamics, water and electrolyte balance. During sympathetic stimulation or when renal blood pressure or blood flow is reduced, renin is released from the granular cells of the juxtaglomerular apparatus in the kidneys. In the blood stream, renin cleaves circulating angiotensinogen to ATI, which is subsequently cleaved to ATII by ACE. ATII increases blood pressure using a number of mechanisms. First, it stimulates the secretion of aldosterone from the adrenal cortex. Aldosterone travels to the distal convoluted tubule (DCT) and collecting tubule of nephrons w...