Skip to main content

ACARBOSE

ACARBOSE


BRAND NAME:- GLUCOBAY 50,100mg tabs ,ASUCROSE, GLUCAR  50mg tabs.



ACARBOSE is a miscellaneous antidiabetic ,class of alpha -Glucosidase inhibitors drug. 

ACARBOSE is a mild antihyperglycaemic and not a hypoglycaemic .


PHARMACOLOGICAL & MECHANISM OF ACTION:- It is a complex oligosaccharide which reversibly inhibits alpha- glucosidases, the final enzyme for the digestion of carbohydrates in the brush border of small intestine mucosa . It slows down and decrease digestion and absorption of polysaccharides (strach,etc.) and sucrose. In addition,GLP-1 release is promoted which may contribute to the effect. Postprandial glycaemia is reduced without significant increase in insulin levels. Regular use lowers HbA1c modestly (by 0.4-0.8%) ,but change in body weight and lipid level is minimal. The stop- NIDDM trail (2002) has shown that long- trem ACARBOSE treatment in prediabetics reduced occurance of type 2DM as well as hypertension and cardiac disease. In diabetics,it reduced cardiovascular events.



USED:- as an adjuvant to diet (with or without metformin /SU) in obese Diabetics.

Controlling high blood sugar helps prevent kidney damage, blindness, nerve problems, loss of limbs, and sexual function problems. Proper control of diabetes may also lessen your risk of a heart attack or stroke. Acarbose works in your intestines to slow the breakdown and absorption of carbohydrates from foods that you eat. This effect helps lessen your blood sugar rise after a meal.

treatment of type 2 Diabetics.


DOSE:- 50-100mg TDS is taken at the beginning of each major meal .


ABSORPTION:- only a small fraction of the dose is absorbed.


SIDE EFFECTS:- Flatulence, abdominal discomfort and loose stool are produced in about 50% patients due to fermentation of unabsorbed carbohydrates. Patient acceptability of alpha -Glucosidase inhibitors is poor due to uncomfortable g.i. symptoms. Hepatic transaminase may rise , but liver damage is rare.


Labels

Labels:

Comments

Post a Comment

Popular posts from this blog

BOTULINUM TOXIN Uses, Side Effects, and More

 BOTULINUM TOXIN ( A or B ) BRAND NAME:- BOTOX ,DYSPORT  BOTULINUM TOXIN  A and B are highly potent exotoxins produced by Clostridium botulinum that are responsible for ' botulism' ( a type of food poisoning). These neurotoxic proteins cause long- lasting loss of cholinergic transmission by interacting with axonal proteins involved in exocytotic release of Ach. Localized injection of minute quantity of botulinum toxin.  PHARMACODYNAMIC :- Botulinum toxin A inhibits the release of acetylcholine, relieving muscle contraction and spasm associated with many conditions, such as incontinence and dystonia. Cosmetically, botulinum toxin A paralyses muscles in the face to temporarily treat wrinkles. The maximum effects of muscle paralysis occur four to seven days after a dose.When injected at therapeutic doses, botulinum toxin A causes partial chemical denervation of muscle tissue, causing local reduction of muscle activity. Muscle atrophy may result, axonal sprouting may beg...
Post a Comment
Read more

Clonazepam used, Side effects, Dose, & more

Clonazepam  Brand name:- Lonazepam , Clonapax , Rivotril 0.5, 1.0, 2.0 mg tab. Clonazepam is a benzodiazepine. It works by increasing the action of a chemical messenger (GABA) which suppresses the abnormal and excessive activity of the nerve cells in the brain. Pharmacodynamic:- The pharmacodynamic properties of clonazepam are common among benzodiazepines and include anticonvulsive, sedative, muscle relaxing and anxiolytic effects . Animal data and electroencephalographic investigations in man have shown that clonazepam rapidly suppresses many types of paroxysmal activity including the spike and wave discharge in absence seizures (petit mal), slow spike wave, generalized spike wave, spikes with temporal or other locations, as well as irregular spikes and waves Label . Moreover, the agent can also decrease the frequency, amplitude, duration, and spread of discharge in minor motor seizures Label . Generalized EEG abnormalities are more readily suppressed by clonazepam than are focal ...
Post a Comment
Read more

CLOMIPHENE CITRATE Uses, Side Effects, and More

 CLOMIPHENE CITRATE BRAND NAME:- CLOMIPHENE, FERTOMED, CLOFERT, CLOME 25,50,100mg tab.  Clomiphene is a selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM) which treats female infertility. It works by promoting the release of reproductive hormones. This helps stimulate the release of eggs from the ovary (ovulation). PHARMACODYANIMCS:- Clomifene (previously clomiphene) is an orally administered, non steroidal, ovulatory stimulant that acts as a selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM). Clomifene can lead to multiple ovulation, and hence increase the risk of conceiving twins. In comparison to purified FSH, the rate of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome is low. There may be an increased risk of ovarian cancer and weight gain. Clomifene is capable of interacting with estrogen-receptor-containing tissues, including the hypothalamus, pituitary, ovary, endometrium, vagina, and cervix. It may compete with estrogen for estrogen-receptor-binding sites and may delay replenishment of intracel...
Post a Comment
Read more