Skip to main content

Cimetidine used, Side, Doses, mechanism of action & more

 Cimetidine 

Brand name:- Cimetidine 200mg , 400mg , 800mg tabs, 200mg/2ml injection. , Lock-2 200mg tab.

Cimetidine is a gastric acid reducer used in the short-term treatment of duodenal and gastric ulcers. [1] Therefore, the drug effectively manages gastric hypersecretion and is used to manage reflux esophagitis disease and prevent stress-related gastric ulcers.

Pharmacodynamic:- 

Cimetidine is a histamine H2-receptor antagonist. It reduces basal and nocturnal gastric acid secretion and a reduction in gastric volume, acidity, and amount of gastric acid released in response to stimuli including food, caffeine, insulin, betazole, or pentagastrin. It is used to treat gastrointestinal disorders such as gastric or duodenal ulcer, gastroesophageal reflux disease, and pathological hypersecretory conditions. Cimetidine inhibits many of the isoenzymes of the hepatic CYP450 enzyme system. Other actions of Cimetidine include an increase in gastric bacterial flora such as nitrate-reducing organisms.

Mechanism of action:- 

Cimetidine binds to an H2-receptor located on the basolateral membrane of the gastric parietal cell, blocking histamine effects. This competitive inhibition results in reduced gastric acid secretion and a reduction in gastric volume and acidity.

Used:- 

Cimetidine is used to treat ulcers of the stomach and intestines and prevent them from coming back after they have healed. This medication is also used to treat certain stomach and throat (esophagus) problems caused by too much stomach acid (such as Zollinger- Ellison syndrome, erosive esophagitis) or a backward flow of stomach acid into the esophagus (acid reflux disease/GERD). Decreasing extra stomach acid can help relieve symptoms such as stomach pain, heartburn, difficulty swallowing, cough, and trouble sleeping. It can also prevent serious acid damage to your digestive system (such as ulcers, cancer of the esophagus).

Side effects:- 

Headache, dizziness, drowsiness, or diarrhea may occur.

Dose:- 

For ulcer healing — 400mg BD or 800mg at bed time orally; maintenance —400mg at bed time. For stress ulcer — 50mg/ hr i.v. infusion. Rapid or higher dose i.v. injection can causes confusional state, hallucinations, convulsions, bradycardia , arrhythmias, coma or cardiac arrest. As directed by your doctor.



Labels

Labels:

Comments

Post a Comment

Popular posts from this blog

BOTULINUM TOXIN Uses, Side Effects, and More

 BOTULINUM TOXIN ( A or B ) BRAND NAME:- BOTOX ,DYSPORT  BOTULINUM TOXIN  A and B are highly potent exotoxins produced by Clostridium botulinum that are responsible for ' botulism' ( a type of food poisoning). These neurotoxic proteins cause long- lasting loss of cholinergic transmission by interacting with axonal proteins involved in exocytotic release of Ach. Localized injection of minute quantity of botulinum toxin.  PHARMACODYNAMIC :- Botulinum toxin A inhibits the release of acetylcholine, relieving muscle contraction and spasm associated with many conditions, such as incontinence and dystonia. Cosmetically, botulinum toxin A paralyses muscles in the face to temporarily treat wrinkles. The maximum effects of muscle paralysis occur four to seven days after a dose.When injected at therapeutic doses, botulinum toxin A causes partial chemical denervation of muscle tissue, causing local reduction of muscle activity. Muscle atrophy may result, axonal sprouting may beg...
Post a Comment
Read more

Clonazepam used, Side effects, Dose, & more

Clonazepam  Brand name:- Lonazepam , Clonapax , Rivotril 0.5, 1.0, 2.0 mg tab. Clonazepam is a benzodiazepine. It works by increasing the action of a chemical messenger (GABA) which suppresses the abnormal and excessive activity of the nerve cells in the brain. Pharmacodynamic:- The pharmacodynamic properties of clonazepam are common among benzodiazepines and include anticonvulsive, sedative, muscle relaxing and anxiolytic effects . Animal data and electroencephalographic investigations in man have shown that clonazepam rapidly suppresses many types of paroxysmal activity including the spike and wave discharge in absence seizures (petit mal), slow spike wave, generalized spike wave, spikes with temporal or other locations, as well as irregular spikes and waves Label . Moreover, the agent can also decrease the frequency, amplitude, duration, and spread of discharge in minor motor seizures Label . Generalized EEG abnormalities are more readily suppressed by clonazepam than are focal ...
Post a Comment
Read more

CLOMIPHENE CITRATE Uses, Side Effects, and More

 CLOMIPHENE CITRATE BRAND NAME:- CLOMIPHENE, FERTOMED, CLOFERT, CLOME 25,50,100mg tab.  Clomiphene is a selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM) which treats female infertility. It works by promoting the release of reproductive hormones. This helps stimulate the release of eggs from the ovary (ovulation). PHARMACODYANIMCS:- Clomifene (previously clomiphene) is an orally administered, non steroidal, ovulatory stimulant that acts as a selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM). Clomifene can lead to multiple ovulation, and hence increase the risk of conceiving twins. In comparison to purified FSH, the rate of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome is low. There may be an increased risk of ovarian cancer and weight gain. Clomifene is capable of interacting with estrogen-receptor-containing tissues, including the hypothalamus, pituitary, ovary, endometrium, vagina, and cervix. It may compete with estrogen for estrogen-receptor-binding sites and may delay replenishment of intracel...
Post a Comment
Read more